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New efforts are currently underway to restore Georgia’s
reduced oyster population. Shell-fisherman are finding new ways
to grow oysters in Georgia’s unique coastal environment,
and universities are working to identify ways to build new habitats
to enhance the shellfish industry, improve water quality, and
protect eroding shorelines. These activities will go far to
restore water quality, a commercial fishery, and a public resource.
As oyster and clam culture, or mariculture, is inextricably
tied to the Georgia Department of Natural Resources’ Coastal
Management Program (GCMP) through the Coastal Marshlands Protection
Act (CMPA), the Program has a vested interest in assuring that
mariculture facilities provide the greatest benefit to the State
and the public. However, there is little guidance available
on the siting of mariculture activities whether the activities
are intended for commercial harvest, public consumption, water
quality improvements, or shoreline stabilization. Therefore,
the GCMP has developed a strategy to identify and improve siting
processes for shellfish mariculture.
This strategy hinges upon the implementation of a digital mapping
exercise to inventory known shellfish beds/reefs, both past
and present. This will provide geographical insight as to where
shellfish were and are most likely to thrive. The exercise will
also include delineations of public and commercial shellfish
harvest areas and water quality classifications, and, to the
extent that information is available, areas of poor or un-supporting
water quality conditions, shoreline erosion, adjacent land and
water uses, and ownership. This exercise may be implemented
by watershed in order of priority as determined by the GCMP,
as time and funding allow. The outcomes from this exercise will
assist the shellfish industry in evaluating the best areas for
siting or expanding facilities, and will assist the GCMP in
its permitting reviews for mariculture facilities.
Current efforts are focused on Chatham County as a pilot study.
The distribution of both live oyster beds and areas of dead
shell are being mapped with hand held GPS units. In addition
to the geo-referencing of the oyster beds, there are several
presense or absense attributes that are recorded in association
with the live beds:
clams; whelks;
mussels; oyster
drills; porcelain
crabs; and boonea.

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